About the Journal

Management & Prospective aims to advance knowledge and practice in the field of management sciences by publishing original articles in this area, whether conceptual, empirical or based on a review of the literature.

It publishes articles in French or English (with abstracts in both languages).

Cross-disciplinary topics are strongly encouraged, with a particular focus on sustainable development issues.

All qualitative and quantitative empirical methods are acceptable, as well as combinations of these two methods if they meet academic standards.

In addition, in order to exchange views with a wide audience of managers on the evolution of management sciences, techniques and practices, a "Point of View" section was introduced in the 80th anniversary issue of Gestion 2000. This managerial openness is notably a means of exchange between professors-researchers, students and practitioners to debate topical issues with a strong societal impact.

The articles published on "OJS Ichec" are protected by a user licence.

Open Access

Authors can choose to publish in Open Access, which allows unlimited access to the published article, provided they pay the Open Access fee, or to publish free of charge and without Open Access. The open access publication fee is EUR 800 per article. Belgian researchers and doctoral students are entitled to free Open Access publication, provided they send proof of their status. Any article for which the open access solution is not chosen cannot be shared before the end of a 4-year embargo. However, the journal will send five complementary copies of the articles to readers chosen by the authors.

General information

    1. General

Use of this site automatically implies full and unreserved acceptance of these terms and conditions. These conditions may be modified at any time and come into force immediately. Site users are therefore advised to consult them regularly.

Automatic acceptance of these general terms and conditions may not, under any circumstances, be equated with obtaining a licence or other right to reproduce, communicate to the public or use the content of the Site.

   2. Intellectual rights - copyright

The structure and layout of this Site as a whole, including all its component parts (text, photos, videos, images, graphics, logos, domain names, illustrations, graphic or computer graphics, etc.) are protected by intellectual property rights worldwide.

Unless otherwise stipulated by law or agreement, any reproduction or use of the site's content, by whatever means or process, is strictly prohibited. Consequently, reproduction other than that required for simple private consultation, communication to the public and use of the content of the site require the express consent of OJS Ichec and possibly its suppliers or partners.

    3. Liability

Despite the great care taken in the creation of this site, OJS Ichec cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information contained therein. OJS Ichec reserves the right to modify or update the information contained on this site at any time without prior notice.

OJS Ichec may not be held liable for any direct or indirect damage of any nature whatsoever related to the use of the site, its content or the hypertext links to which it refers, particularly with regard to the protection of privacy. OJS Ichec cannot be held responsible for any direct or indirect damage caused to the user's equipment when using this site.

     4. Applicable legislation and competent court

These general conditions are governed by Belgian law. Only the French-speaking courts of the Brussels district are competent to hear any disputes arising from them.

Ethics charter

Management & Prospective applies strict ethical rules. All those involved in the journal's production, including authors, committee members and expert reviewers, are bound by them.
 The present charter is based on the best ethical practices of academic journals. It has been validated by the Management & Prospective scientific committee.

     1. Review commitments

The Editorial Board is responsible for all content published in the journal, and constantly strives to improve its scientific quality. It regularly renews its editorial and reading committees, as well as its own scientific committee, in the interests of professional rigor. It ensures that the affiliations of the members of the editorial board, the international reading committee and the scientific committee are mentioned on the journal's website.
 The journal's editorial board undertakes to make every effort to process the articles it receives efficiently and rapidly.
 The editorial board will return to the author any article that does not meet the publication standards of Management & Prospective. These standards are mentioned in the recommendations to authors.
 If a proposal does not concern the themes developed by the magazine or does not fall within the scope of its editorial policy, the proposal may be rejected by the Editorial Board without going through the blind peer review process.
 The editorial board may reject an article without giving reasons, if it deems that for ethical reasons, its author transgresses the integrity of the research (non-compliance with the code of ethics, non-respect of subjects, absence of explicit authorization for participation in the research by the persons solicited, essentialization of cultures, etc.).

Evaluation process
Management & Prospective only publishes original articles. Submitted proposals are analyzed by plagiarism detection software. In the event of non-compliance with citation rules, the proposal is rejected.
 Any publication suspected of being multiple or redundant will be investigated by the editorial board. Authors may be asked to provide their data for internal verification. Data and raw results are disclosed only to the chief editors. The various files are destroyed as soon as the usual checks have been completed. If the authors refuse to submit their data, the article evaluation procedure stops.
 If redundancy is proven (use of the same data, identical results, etc.), the proposal is rejected.
 Before being sent anonymously to at least two experts (peers) for evaluation, the editorial board issues an initial opinion, which may lead to the article being discarded because its contribution has not been deemed sufficiently convincing (desk rejection).
 Once the experts have delivered their evaluation reports, the editorial board deliberates and decides whether to accept the article subject to modifications (which may be minor or major), or to reject it:
- If the article is accepted subject to modifications, the final decision is made only on the basis of the author's consideration of the experts' comments and requests for modifications, and compliance with the recommendations to authors (form).
 - If the article is rejected, a detailed, reasoned opinion is sent to the author to inform him or her of the factors that led to the decision.

Impartiality
All proposals for publication made to the editorial board of Management & Prospective are evaluated with equal attention, without distinction as to gender, sexual orientation, nationality, ethnic origin, academic or institutional affiliation. The editorial board selects articles with a concern for impartiality. It pays particular attention to articles that contribute to scientific debate. Any article presenting a pertinent critique of an article published in the journal may be proposed for publication. Authors may also submit a response to a criticism of their article in the magazine.

Confidentiality and use of data
The blind evaluation process requires that authors and experts remain anonymous. No data and/or information concerning authors and experts is divulged between the parties.
 No correspondence concerning an article is entered into outside the evaluation process. No information concerning a text, no argument or analysis drawn from an article is given before its publication.
 Management & Prospective scrupulously ensures that all persons cited in the articles it publishes are rendered anonymous. The editorial board makes every effort to ensure that names are changed and that no mention is made that could identify an individual.

Conflict of interest
By conflict of interest, Management & Prospective magazine means any situation involving interference between the interests of the various parties involved in the preparation of the magazine, which could influence and call into question the impartial, objective and independent exercise of their duties.
 In the event of a conflict of interest within the Editorial Board, the members concerned must recuse themselves.
 The Editorial Board ensures the magazine's independence from its publisher and owner(s). If the journal publishes advertisements, these will be clearly distinguished from the scientific content of the journal.

Editorial treatment
Once accepted, articles are subject to editorial treatment by the editorial board, in consultation with the author(s).
Erratum
The editorial board ensures the scientific quality of articles published in Management & Prospective. If it finds that a published article contains a significant error, authors are asked to submit corrections, which will be published.
The Editorial Board also undertakes to respond to any complaints made by readers about the magazine.

     2. Engagements of expert appraisers

Right of recusal
Expert reviewers agree to review manuscripts whose subject matter falls within their field of expertise. If this is not the case, or if they are unable to evaluate an article for lack of time or for any other reason, they will promptly recuse themselves from the editorial board.
Expert reviewers undertake to declare any conflict of interest in connection with the review of an article, and then to recuse themselves from the editorial board.
Impartiality
Expert reviewers evaluate an article objectively, respecting the author's intellectual independence, and are not influenced in their evaluation by the origin of the typescript, the author's nationality, gender or any other characteristic that may be apparent from reading the article.

Expert appraisal
Expert appraisers undertake to submit their appraisals within 1.5 months. Their evaluation must be precise and based on the evaluation grid provided by the journal. They also undertake to provide a constructive assessment of the author, avoiding any hostility or defamatory remarks.
Originality and plagiarism
The expert evaluators take great care to ensure that the author does not use the work of another without citing him or her, and that the references used comply with the rules governing citations. In the event of suspected plagiarism, experts inform the editorial board directly. Experts
must inform the editorial board of any suspicion of multiple or redundant publication between the manuscript under review and an article published, or submitted, to another journal of which they are aware.

Confidentiality and use of data
Expert reviewers respect the confidentiality of the blind review process and do not divulge any information or details concerning the manuscript and its critics.
Expert reviewers undertake not to adopt for their own use, or that of any other person or institution, any information obtained from a typescript during the review process.
Expert appraisers may not use any data from a manuscript they have appraised until it has been published, in compliance with citation rules.

     3. Author commitments

Originality and plagiarism Authors submit to the editorial board of Management & Prospective an article that meets its publication standards, as indicated in the recommendations to authors. Authors guarantee that the typescript submitted to Management & Prospective is original and that publication will not infringe intellectual property rights. They undertake not to adopt the ideas of another without quoting the latter.
References Authors guarantee that all references in their text comply strictly with the rules governing citation.

Multiple or redundant publications Authors certify that the article submitted to Management & Prospective has not been submitted to and/or published in another journal, by signing the attestation of publication exclusivity when submitting an article. If there is more than one author, the corresponding author commits himself/herself for all authors through this attestation of exclusivity. Authors undertake to ensure that their publication, its data and results, are not redundant with any of their previously published articles.
Acknowledgement of authors
The authors mentioned are limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the development, writing and interpretation of the article.

Conflicts of interest Authors
should inform the journal's editorial board of any potential conflicts of interest, whether financial, professional or other, which could be interpreted as having influenced their approach. Any sources of funding for the research presented in the journal must be mentioned.

Professional secrecy and the principle of non-identification Authors undertake to respect professional secrecy. They are also scrupulous about anonymizing any person cited in their article, and eliminate any details that might allow that person to be identified.
Ethics Authors guarantee the ethics of their research and the integrity of their scientific approach. They also certify that the article contains no defamatory statements, no fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate declarations, and no manipulation of data.

Editorial treatment Authors cooperate with the editorial board of Management & Prospective throughout the editorial treatment of their text. They also authorize the editorial board to make any corrections to their article, as well as any changes to the title, abstract or keywords, when deemed necessary and to bring them into line with the journal's standards. Authors take into consideration requests for modifications from expert reviewers and revise their article accordingly for publication.
The corresponding author acts as liaison between the Management & Prospective editorial board and all co-authors.
The corresponding author ensures that all co-authors have given their agreement to the final version of the article.

Erratum
If authors realize that their published article contains a significant error, they will immediately inform the editorial board and cooperate with it in withdrawing or making the necessary changes to their text. This erratum will be published.
Conversely, if the magazine's editorial board discovers after publication that their article contains a significant error, the authors communicate their corrections or evidence of the correctness of the article in question.

Publication Authors authorize the distribution of their article in print and digital format (in particular on the Management & Prospective website, Cairn.info, EBSCO and Cyberlibris).

Republishing
If the author wishes to republish his/her article (for a book chapter, for example), he/she must clearly mention the bibliographical reference of the first publication in Management & Prospective, and inform the editorial board, which will reply in writing.

Open archives At the author's
request, his or her article can be included in the open archives as a Researchgate two years after its publication date, provided that the bibliographic reference of the first publication in Management & Prospective is clearly indicated.

     4. Dealing with unethical publishing behavior

The Editorial Board seeks to identify and prevent unethical publication behavior. It undertakes to investigate any complaint lodged against the magazine, in accordance with the procedure described below. The author is liable for the alleged offence. The Editorial Board is always ready to publish corrections, apologies and explanations, should this prove necessary.
 Complaints about unethical publication practices may be lodged with the Editorial Board at any time. The person lodging the complaint must provide the elements justifying his or her complaint. All complaints will be taken seriously by the Editorial Board and processed to conclusion. All complaints will be dealt with regardless of the date of publication of the article concerned. The documents relating to the handling of the complaint will be kept by the editorial board. The following measures may be implemented in the event of a complaint to the journals:

     - Interview with the author, in the event of a misunderstanding of the journal's ethical charter and publication rules - Letter sent to the author, detailing the infringement and serving as a warning
     - Letter sent to the author's employer
     - Publication of an editorial informing the readership
     - Withdrawal of the article from the journal, as well as from the indexing databases, and information sent to the readership
     - Embargo on all new articles by this author for a specified period of time.